Male infertility may be treated with medical, surgical, or assisted reproductive therapies depending on the underlying cause. You will be advised for intrauterine inseminations (IUIs) or in vitro fertilization (IVF) to help overcome male factor infertility. In treatment of mild decrease in sperm count or motility then IUI procedure is done, where prepared sperm is prepared to separate out the best, most motile and normal sperms. These are then inserted in the uterus of the female partner. In cases of obstructive azoospermia, where there are no sperms in ejaculate, retrieval of sperms can be done surgically by aspiration or surgical extraction (TESA – Testicular sperm aspiration, TESE – Testicular sperm extraction, testicular biopsy). These prepared sperms are then injected into the recovered oocytes by a technique known as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).